The relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence as individual health assets for mental health promotion in students and healthcare professionals: a scoping review.

Introduction: Workplace Mental health promotion in healthcare sector, is a global priority due to the stress associated with caregiving environments and the increase of mental health problems among health professionals and students. The role of emotional intelligence (EI) and sense of coherence (SOC) have been identified as critical health protectors. However, the relationship between them as well as the underlying mechanisms of these relationships on health benefits in this population is still unclear. Aim: To synthetize the existing literature on the relationship between emotional intelligence and sense of coherence, as well as their mutual impact on healthcare workers' and student's well-being. Method: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in PsyCINFO, CINHAL, SCOPUS and PUBMED databases, using key-terms such as students, health professionals, emotional intelligence, and sense of coherence. Results: A total of 11 articles were included, with a range of years from 2014 to 2022. Evidence was found to support the positive relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence. The use of EI as a training pathway to improve SOC and health promoting behaviors is suggested. The benefits of intervening on these factors contribute to improved health professionals' and students' general well-being and motivation for a better performance, either in their studies or clinical work. Conclusion: The positive relationship between emotional intelligence and a sense of coherence has direct and indirect benefits on students' and healthcare professionals' well-being. Future studies should address longitudinal and experimental analysis to confirm these findings.

Resilience among primary care professionals in a time of pandemic: a qualitative study in the Spanish context.

OBJECTIVES: This study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Spanish primary care structure and services and the mechanisms implemented by the primary care workforce to restore and reinforce their reference care model. DESIGN: An exploratory, qualitative study with semistructured interviews and a focus group discussion conducted during the fall semester of 2020. SETTING: Primary health centres in Madrid (Spain), chosen based on factors such as infection rates during the earliest stages of the pandemic and demographic and socioeconomic aspects. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 19 primary health and social care professionals were purposively selected. Criteria for inclusion were gender (male/female), at least 5 years of experience in their current position, category (health/social/administrative worker), and whether they worked in a rural or urban healthcare setting. RESULTS: Two main themes were identified: (1) reflecting on a model in crisis-particularly the reopening of centres to users and the proactive, participative strategies implemented by primary care professionals to reach their community; and (2) regaining a sense of purpose-how healthcare professionals implemented strategies to sustain their vision of their reference model. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed leadership deficiencies that, together with the initial unavailability of resources and difficulties maintaining face-to-face contact with users, triggered a sense of loss of professional identity. On the other hand, the analysis revealed potential strategies to restore and reinforce the traditional model, such as the adoption of digital technologies and reliance on community networks. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of a solid reference framework and enhances the strengths and skills of the workforce to reinforce the community-based service provision model.

A mixed methods study using case studies prepared by nursing students as a clinical practice evaluation tool.

AIM: To identify the presence of variability in the evaluation of case studies prepared by nursing students during their primary care rotations based on the existing evaluation rubric. To explore the difficulties experienced by link lecturers and students in preparing and evaluating case studies. DESIGN: A mixed methods study. METHODS: The scores for the rubric items and the final grades for the case studies were collected from a sample of 132 cases. Qualitative information was collected by conducting open-ended interviews with lecturers and a focus group session with students. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were identified between the lecturers' mean final grades [F(5.136) = 3.984, p = 0.002] and a variety of items in the evaluation rubric (p < 0.05). In addition, effect sizes [η2 (≈0.14)] of considerable magnitude were found. Two themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1). the challenge of preparing the case studies and (2). the variable nature of the evaluations.

Dimensions of good palliative nursing care: Expert panel consensus and perceptions of palliative professionals.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To analyse the dimensions of quality of palliative nursing care and to explore the perceptions of professionals for the development and validation of the Palliative Nursing Care Quality Scale. BACKGROUND: The study of palliative nursing care quality has been approached from analysis of the competencies of palliative care nurses, based on various theoretical models. However, there are fewer qualitative empirical studies that have evaluated what good palliative nursing care is and what its dimensions are. DESIGN: Mixed-method, Delphi approach and exploratory qualitative study. METHODS: Consensus by a panel of experts using the Delphi technique and semi-structured interviews. The study was reported in a comprehensive manner following COREQ criteria. Data collection took place between January and June 2018. RESULTS: The eight-person expert panel reached consensus on the following dimensions of the Palliative Nursing Care Quality Scale: control and relief of symptoms, family and/or primary caregiver, therapeutic relationship, spiritual support and continuity of care. Thematic analysis of ten interviews identified four emergent themes related to good nursing care: (1) the patient and family as a whole; (2) finding meaning; (3) responsible communication; and (4) caring for the human element. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of palliative nursing care goes beyond providing comprehensive care; it means meticulously looking after every detail of what is important to the patient. The expectations of professionals are not as important. Instead, care should be based primarily on the needs and respect for the wishes of the patient and their family. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Specifying the quality of nursing care in routine practice and reaching a consensus on its dimensions means moving towards excellence in care, as well as improving the professional profile of advanced practice palliative care nurses. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Two primary caregivers participated in the panel of experts and the semi-structured interview.

Internal dynamics within primary care teams in two Spanish regions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Pandemics and epidemics have represented public health emergencies with severe consequences at a global level. Primary care teams have played a crucial role in disease surveillance and monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic through early detection, contact tracing, and isolation of positive cases. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care teams regarding their internal dynamics and their professional performance. METHODS: Qualitative study carried out between July and December 2020 in two large central and southern Spanish regions (Castilla la Mancha and Madrid). Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with primary care workers. Data was analysed using thematic content analysis. Participants were accessed using purposive sampling. RESULTS: A total of 53 primary care workers participated in the study, of which 38 were individually interviewed, and 15 participated in three focus groups.The analysis of their experiences revealed two main themes regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care teams: 1) The need to reorganise traditional roles: Primary care settings closed their doors to the public and their workers restructured their roles to ensure the delivery of essential services; 2) The need to implement a new primary care delivery model: Each primary care team had to self-organise, making sure their reference population was cared for and developing resource optimisation strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care teams have quickly adapted their roles and internal dynamics to respond to the demands generated by COVID-19. In the new delivery model, some positive aspects could be highlighted - such as increased communication between professionals and the use of telemedicine for some cases. However, it is important to address the negative impact that the COVID-19 crisis has had on of the main functions of primary care. These measures are necessary to promote well-being in primary care teams, and to provide quality care that addresses the complex and individual needs of each person and reduces inequalities in healthcare delivery.

Effectiveness of a Fibromyalgia Online Nursing Consultation in the Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of an online nursing consultation through the Internet platform Red Sinapsis (RS) in improving the perceived quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia (FM). METHOD: Eighty patients with FM were randomized to an intervention group (n = 40) or control group (n= 40). The intervention group (IG) was monitored by a nursing specialist through the online platform RS while the control group (CG) received standard follow-up at the clinic. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: The IG showed a 65% improvement in the perception of their general state of health at 12 months into the study, compared with an improvement of 5.6% in the CG (p < .001). The IG also achieved better results for emotional status, with a maintained improvement throughout the study of more than 2 points in the anxiety variable (from 7.64 to 5.36), that remained constant in the CG. The depression variable also showed constant improvement over the 12 months of the study in the IG, rising from an average of 7.72 (standard deviation [SD] = 2.05) to 5.33 (SD = 1.65), while in the CG a slight deterioration was observed. In both cases, the difference in mood evolution was significant (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Online nursing follow-up for people with fibromyalgia improves patients' perceived quality of life related to their welfare and emotional state. Fibromyalgia (FM) is among the diseases causing the highest rate of occupational disability in Spain. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex condition that causes pain, fatigue, non-refreshed sleep, mood disturbance and cognitive impairment.

Major Prehospital Trauma and In-Hospital Emergencies: Massive Transfusion Triggers.

BACKGROUND: Massive transfusion (MT) in trauma is initiated on the basis of factors of different natures and depending on protocols and scales used both in prehospital and in-hospital care areas. OBJECTIVE: The main goal was to analyze and relate factors and predictive variables for MT requirements considering both health care areas. METHOD: This was a retrospective cohort study that included patients who were treated either at the emergency department of a large hospital or through prehospital care before arrival at the hospital. The patients included were adults who received MT, defined as a blood bank request of 10 or more units of red cells in the first 24 hours or 5 or more within 4 hours of trauma, from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2017. The variables included were individual characteristics and those associated with the trauma, clinical-analytical assessment, resuscitation, timing, and survival. RESULTS: A total of 52 patients who received MT were included. The average age of the patients was 41.23 ± 16.06 years, a mean of 19.56 ± 12.77 units was administered, and the mortality rate was 21.2%. DISCUSSION: Injury mechanism, clinical-analytical variables, and resuscitation strategies have a significant influence on the need for MT; therefore, early identification is fundamental for performing quality management and addressing avoidable factors during MT processes.

Living With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Spain: A Qualitative Study of Patient Experience and the Role of Health Professionals.

The aim of this study was to explore the experience of Spanish people living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the support these people received from health professionals, particularly nurses. Nineteen patients with >1 year diagnosis, disease activity moderate or severe (DAS28 > 3.2), and already treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were interviewed. A thematic analysis was performed to interpret the discourses. The difficulties of symptom management; the need for home-adaptations, the difficulties of living with a deteriorating self-image; and the reluctant reliance on medication to control their disease were the main themes that emerged from the discourse analysis of this study. Nurses appeared to have a limited role in RA patients care, and focused primarily on giving information and training for biological therapies. RA patients in Spain would benefit from having contact with specialist nurses who could empower them to self-manage their disease, as happens in other countries.

The experience of mothers and fathers in cases of stillbirth in Spain. A qualitative study.

AIM: To explore the experience of both the mothers and the fathers regarding the care received during delivery in cases of stillbirth. DESIGN: A hermeneutic phenomenological study based on semi-structured interviews with eleven mothers and fathers who experienced stillbirth. PARTICIPANTS: A purposive sample was recruited in Hospital XXX of XX and through a local pregnancy loss support organization. METHODS: Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. FINDINGS: Four main categories identified: 1) denial of grief, 2) the life and death paradox, 3) guilt, and 4) go through and overcome the loss. The parents manifested a lack of recognition of their loss and their parenthood. Although the midwife was the highest valued professional, not all the experiences were positive and the parents would have appreciated being accompanied by trained people with good communication skills. They also referred to in-hospital logistic barriers that complicated the process, as well as the fact that these births occurred in the same place where healthy deliveries were attended. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the importance of tailoring support systems according to mothers' and fathers' needs. Promoting social and institutional recognition of this kind of loss and training healthcare professionals in the accompaniment of this type of mourning is useful to plan comprehensive care to facilitate the initiation and subsequent evolution of healthy mourning.

Massive transfusion triggers in severe trauma: Scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the predictive variables or the massive transfusion triggers in severely traumatized patients through the existing scales. METHOD: a review of the literature was carried out using the Scoping Review method across the electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, the Cochrane and IBECS libraries, and the Google Scholar search tool. RESULTS: in total, 578 articles were identified in the search and the 36 articles published in the last ten years were included, of which 29 were original articles and 7 review articles. From the analysis, scales for massive transfusion and their predictive triggers were examined. CONCLUSION: the absence of universal criteria regarding the massive transfusion triggers in traumatized patients has led to the development of different scales, and the studies on their validation are considered relevant for the studies about when to initiate this strategy.

Midwives' experience of delivery care in late foetal death: A qualitative study.

AIM: To explore the experiences of midwives regarding the attention given during labour in late foetal death. DESIGN: Qualitative research using a hermeneutic-interpretative phenomenological approach was carried out. Data were collected through focus groups, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the van Manen approach. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Three focus group with a purposive sample of 18 midwives from 10 public hospitals and 1 primary health centre in Madrid, Spain were conducted. FINDINGS: Two main themes were identified: Professionals for Life Not Death; and Organizing the Work Without Guidelines. Midwives felt there is a lack of social awareness related to the possibility of antepartum death that keeps the mourning hidden and affects the midwives´ practice during the late foetal death process. Midwives recognize difficulties in coping with a process that ends in death: organizations are not prepared for these events (not suitable rooms), there is lack of training to cope with them, and lack of continuity in the attention received by the parents when they are discharged. CONCLUSION: Midwives need to be trained in mourning and communication skills to guarantee good practice when attending late foetal death. Intervention guidelines and support mechanisms are required, not only for the parents, but also for the healthcare professionals.

Aproximación a la vivencia de las personas en el proceso de una colostomía / Approaching the experience of people through the process of a colostomy

Objetivo: Este trabajo tiene como objeto explorar las vivencias de las personas que transitan por el proceso de una colostomía. Método: Abordaje metodológico descriptivo de tipo cualitativo y con un encuadre fenomenológico, a través de entrevistas en profundidad. Seis mujeres y 12 hombres, entre 38 y 86 años de edad, fueron entrevistados antes y después de la cirugía, entre los 3 y los 6 meses posteriores a la intervención. Los discursos fueron grabados y transcritos verbatim y analizados siguiendo las 3 etapas de Taylor y Bogdan: de descubrimiento en progreso, de codificación de los datos y refinamiento de la comprensión del tema de estudio, y de relativización de los descubrimientos. Resultados: El cáncer de colon y la colostomía suponen cambios en la vivencia de la esfera privada, en la que se introduce este componente vital con connotaciones de «estigma». Se observa que la percepción del deterioro de la imagen corporal no está relacionada con el sexo sino más bien con la edad, con la situación laboral, con el tipo de trabajo que realiza el individuo y con el contexto social y cultural al que se pertenece. Conclusiones: La reconstrucción del mapa de relaciones del individuo, como estrategia de adaptación al proceso, se interrelaciona con factores sociales, culturales, de manejo del estoma y con la capacidad del individuo para la resolución efectiva de problemas (AU)

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to explore the experience of people who go through the process of a colostomy. Method: Methodological approach of qualitative type and with a phenomenological framework, through in-depth interviews. Six women and 12 men, between 38 and 86 years of age, were interviewed before and after surgery, between 3 and 6 months after the intervention. The discourses were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analyzed following the 3 stages of Taylor and Bogdan: finding in progress, data coding and refinement of the understanding of the subject of study, and relativisation of the findings. Results: Colon cancer and colostomy involve changes in a person's experience of privacy, and the connotations of "stigma" that can be attached to this vital element. It has been observed that the perception of deteriorated body image does not relate to an individual's gender, but rather to their age, work situation, type of work and social and cultural context. Conclusions: The reconstruction of an individual's relationship map, as a strategy for adapting to the process, is interrelated with social, cultural, and stoma management factors, and with their capacity for effective problem solving (AU)

Approaching the experience of people through the process of a colostomy. / Aproximación a la vivencia de las personas en el proceso de una colostomía.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to explore the experience of people who go through the process of a colostomy. METHOD: Methodological approach of qualitative type and with a phenomenological framework, through in-depth interviews. Six women and 12 men, between 38 and 86 years of age, were interviewed before and after surgery, between 3 and 6 months after the intervention. The discourses were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analyzed following the 3 stages of Taylor and Bogdan: finding in progress, data coding and refinement of the understanding of the subject of study, and relativisation of the findings. RESULTS: Colon cancer and colostomy involve changes in a person's experience of privacy, and the connotations of "stigma" that can be attached to this vital element. It has been observed that the perception of deteriorated body image does not relate to an individual's gender, but rather to their age, work situation, type of work and social and cultural context. CONCLUSIONS: The reconstruction of an individual's relationship map, as a strategy for adapting to the process, is interrelated with social, cultural, and stoma management factors, and with their capacity for effective problem solving.

Massive transfusion triggers in severe trauma: Scoping review / Desencadeantes de transfusão maciça em trauma grave: Scoping review / Triggers de transfusión masiva en el trauma grave: Scoping review

Objective to identify the predictive variables or the massive transfusion triggers in severely traumatized patients through the existing scales. Method a review of the literature was carried out using the Scoping Review method across the electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, the Cochrane and IBECS libraries, and the Google Scholar search tool. Results in total, 578 articles were identified in the search and the 36 articles published in the last ten years were included, of which 29 were original articles and 7 review articles. From the analysis, scales for massive transfusion and their predictive triggers were examined. Conclusion the absence of universal criteria regarding the massive transfusion triggers in traumatized patients has led to the development of different scales, and the studies on their validation are considered relevant for the studies about when to initiate this strategy.

Objetivo identificar as variáveis preditivas ou os desencadeantes de transfusão maciça em pacientes com trauma grave através das escalas existentes. Método foi realizada uma revisão da literatura utilizando o método Scoping Review, nas bases de dados eletrônicas CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, nas bibliotecas Cochrane e IBECS, e a ferramenta de busca do Google Scholar. Resultados foram identificados 578 artigos na pesquisa no total, dos quais foram incluídos os 36 artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, sendo 29 artigos originais e 7 artigos de revisão. A partir da análise, foram examinadas as escalas de transfusão maciça e seus desencadeantes preditivos. Conclusão a falta de critérios universais com relação aos desencadeadores de transfusão em maciça em pacientes traumatizados levou à criação de diferentes escalas, sendo os estudos sobre sua validação considerados importantes para as estudos sobre quando iniciar essa estratégia.

Objetivo identificar las variables predictivas o los triggers de transfusión masiva en el paciente traumatizado grave a través de las escalas existentes. Método se realizó una revisión de la literatura mediante el método Scoping Review, en las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, las bibliotecas Cochrane e IBECS, y el buscador Google Scholar. Resultados un total de 578 artículos fueron identificados en la búsqueda, de los cuales, se incluyeron un total de 36 publicados en los últimos diez años, distribuidos en 29 originales y 7 de revisión. Del análisis, se examinaron las escalas de transfusión masiva y sus triggers predictivos. Conclusión la inexistencia de criterios universales respecto a los triggers de transfusión masiva en el paciente traumatizado ha traído consigo la creación de diferentes escalas, donde los estudios de validación de las mismas se detectan como relevantes para la investigación sobre cuando iniciar esta estrategia.

[ANALYSIS USING AN EXPERT PANEL OF ACTIVITIES AND COMPETENCIES WHICH NURSING CLINICAL PRACTICE TUTORS IN THE COMUNIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID SHOULD POSSESS]. / Análisis mediante panel de expertos de las competencias. Y ACTIVIDADES DE LOS TUTORES DE PRÁCTICAS CLÍNICAS DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA COMUNIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID.

UNLABELLED: Although practical training has always been important in Nursing, it has reached a new dimension in the European Higher Education Area. This has involved adapting the syllabus, where one of the new features is considering clinical practice as an independent subject and also including the concept of competence as a result of the students' learning. The figure of the tutor becomes one of the key factors and therefore their activities and competencies must be defined. OBJECTIVE: To enumerate and prioritize, by agreement, the main activities and competences by the tutor of clinical practices in the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid should posses. METHODOLOGY. Quantitative focus, analysis by group of experts between 2010 and 2013. RESULTS. A total of 510 nurses have participated, 17 panels of experts have met and consensus has been reached on 22 competencies and 12 activities. CONCLUSIONS: The description of activities and competencies can be extremely useful for selecting, evaluating and developing nursing clinical practice tutors, becoming a baseline and reducing the subjectivity in the development of tutors according to the new demands of the European Higher Education Area.

Family care of people with severe mental disorders: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the scientific literature on home-based family care of people with severe mental illness. METHOD: integrative review of 14 databases (CINALH, Cochrane Plus, Cuidatge, CUIDEN, Eric, IBECS, EMI, ISOC, JBI COnNECT, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus) searched with the key words "family caregivers", "severe mental illness", and "home" between 2003 and 2013. RESULTS: of 787 articles retrieved, only 85 met the inclusion criteria. The articles appeared in 61 journals from different areas and disciplines, mainly from nursing (36%). The countries producing the most scientific literature on nursing were Brazil, the UK, and the US, and authorship predominantly belonged to university centers. A total of 54.12% of the studies presented quantitative designs, with descriptive ones standing out. Work overload, subjective perspectives, and resources were the main topics of these papers. CONCLUSIONS: the international scientific literature on home-based, informal family care of people with severe mental disorder is limited. Nursing research stands out in this field. The prevalent topics coincide with the evolution of the mental health system. The expansion of the scientific approach to family care is promoted to create evidence-based guidelines for family caregivers and for the clinical practice of professional caregivers.

Family care of people with severe mental disorders: an integrative review / Cuidado familiar de pessoas com doenças mentais graves: uma revisão integrativa / Cuidado familiar de la persona con trastorno mental grave: una revisión integradora

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the scientific literature on home-based family care of people with severe mental illness. METHOD: integrative review of 14 databases (CINALH, Cochrane Plus, Cuidatge, CUIDEN, Eric, IBECS, EMI, ISOC, JBI COnNECT, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus) searched with the key words "family caregivers", "severe mental illness", and "home" between 2003 and 2013. RESULTS: of 787 articles retrieved, only 85 met the inclusion criteria. The articles appeared in 61 journals from different areas and disciplines, mainly from nursing (36%). The countries producing the most scientific literature on nursing were Brazil, the UK, and the US, and authorship predominantly belonged to university centers. A total of 54.12% of the studies presented quantitative designs, with descriptive ones standing out. Work overload, subjective perspectives, and resources were the main topics of these papers. CONCLUSIONS: the international scientific literature on home-based, informal family care of people with severe mental disorder is limited. Nursing research stands out in this field. The prevalent topics coincide with the evolution of the mental health system. The expansion of the scientific approach to family care is promoted to create evidence-based guidelines for family caregivers and for the clinical practice of professional caregivers. .

OBJETIVO: analisar a produção científica sobre o cuidado familiar de pessoas com transtorno mental grave em casa. MÉTODO: revisão integrativa de 14 bases de dados (CINALH, Cochrane Plus, Cuidatge, CUIDEN, Eric, IBECS, EMI, ISOC, JBI Connect, LILACS, PsycInfo e PubMed, SciELO, e Scopus), com as palavras-chave "cuidadores familiares", "TMG" (transtornos mentais graves ) e "casa", realizada entre 2003 e 2013. RESULTADOS: dos 787 artigos retornados, somente 85 atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Os artigos vieram de 61 periódicos de diferentes áreas e disciplinas, principalmente de enfermagem (36%). Os países com maior produção científica sobre enfermagem foram o Brasil, o Reino Unido e os Estados Unidos, e a autoria era predominantemente de centros universitários. Um total de 54,12% dos estudos apresentou delineamento quantitativo, e os descritivos se destacaram. Os principais temas desses trabalhos foram sobrecarga de trabalho, perspectivas subjetivas e recursos. CONCLUSÕES: a produção cientifica internacional sobre o cuidado familiar informal de pessoas com doenças mentais graves em casa é limitada. A pesquisa em enfermagem se destaca nesse campo. Os temas prevalentes coincidem com a evolução do sistema de saúde mental. Estimula-se a expansão da abordagem científica do cuidado familiar de modo a encontrar evidências para criar guias para cuidadores familiares e para a prática clínica de cuidadores profissionais. .

OBJETIVO: analizar la producción científica sobre el cuidado familiar de la persona con trastorno mental grave en el hogar familiar. MÉTODO: revisión integradora en 14 bases de datos (CINALH, Cochrane Plus, Cuidatge, CUIDEN, Eric, IBECS, IME, ISOC, JBI ConNECT, LILACS, PsycInfo, PubMed, SciELO y Scopus), con las palabras clave "cuidadores familiares", "TMG" y "hogar"; realizada entre 2003 y 2013. RESULTADOS: de 787 artículos recuperados, sólo 85 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Los artículos procedieron de 61 revistas de diferentes áreas y disciplinas destacando la disciplina de enfermería (36%). Los países con mayor producción científica sobre enfermería fueron Brasil, Reino Unido y EEUU. En la autoría predominaron los centros universitarios. El 54,12% de los estudios presentó diseño cuantitativo, sobresaliendo los descriptivos. Las temáticas destacadas fueron sobrecarga, perspectivas subjetivas y recursos. CONCLUSIONES: la producción científica internacional sobre el cuidado informal familiar de la persona con trastorno mental grave, en el contexto del hogar familiar, es limitada. En este campo, destaca la investigación de enfermería. Las temáticas prevalentes coinciden con la evolución del sistema de salud mental. Se estimula la ampliación del abordaje científico del cuidado familiar con el fin de encontrar evidencias para la elaboración de guías de cuidadores familiares y para la práctica clínica de cuidadores profesionales. .

El muestreo teórico en un estudio fenomenológico sobre la idea de corporeidad en pacientes trasplantados de corazón / Theoretical sampling in a phenomenological study regarding the corporeity notion in patients with a heart transplant

El presente trabajo pretende dar a conocer el desarrollo metodológico de un muestreo teórico en una investigación cualitativa fenomenológica sobre el análisis de la corporeidad en los trasplantados de corazón (TC). Para ello se encuadra metodológicamente el estudio en primera instancia, para posteriormente exponer la estrategia de muestreo. Encuadre metodológico del estudio: el abordaje metodológico se realizó bajo el paradigma cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico. La técnica empleada fue la entrevista en profundidad. Ámbito de estudio: Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid. Estrategia de muestreo: la selección de informantes se inició con un estudio exploratorio, seguido de dos muestreos teóricos, basados en la recopilación de la información obtenida y al incipiente análisis teórico de la misma. Se llevaron a cabo 22 entrevistas: 12 a informantes trasplantados de corazón, con edades comprendidas entre 27 y 70 años; y 10 a informantes familiares. A modo de conclusiones se señala que el dinamismo que se establece en el proceso de la investigación cualitativa introduce la necesidad constante de replantear el muestreo inicial y los sucesivos, para conseguir un discurso que abarque la comprensión del fenómeno estudiado (AU)

The present work aims to determine the methodological development of a theoretical sampling in a qualitative phenomenological study on the analysis of the notion of corporeity in patients who have undergone a heart transplant. For this purpose, the study is first presented as part of the method s framework and then it goes on to present the sampling strategy. Methodological framework of the study: the methodological approach was carried out under a qualitative paradigm and phenomenological design. The technique used was an in-depth interview. Scope of the study: Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid. Sampling strategy: Informant selection was started with an exploratory study, followed by two theoretical samplings which based on the compilation of the information obtained and the incipient theoretical analysis of such information. 22 interviews were carried out: 12 to informants who had undergone a heart transplant, aged between 27 and 70 years; and 10 family informants. As conclusion it is important to point out that the dynamism established in the qualitative research process introduces the constant need to take a new approach to the initial sampling and to future samplings in order to achieve a discourse that embraces the comprehension of the studied phenomena (AU)